According to new research from The Conference Board of Canada, immigration programs can help address labour shortages in the residential construction sector and support Canada reaching its residential construction goals.
The research was done in collaboration with the Canadian Real Estate Association, British Columbia Real Estate Association and Ontario Real Estate Association.
“Construction of new homes is critical to addressing housing affordability and availability in Canada, but persistent labour shortages is one of the obstacles slowing progress,” said Stefan Fournier, executive director at The Conference Board of Canada. “Allocating a small number of immigration places within the existing Immigration Levels Plan to occupations that are core to residential construction could mitigate labour shortages and advance the building of new homes.”
The report features five recommendations that would improve Canada’s immigration system while also addressing the housing crisis by enabling skilled residential construction workers to enter Canada and begin contributing to the sector.
The report also noted that provinces, regulators, and employers need to collaborate to address regional and national challenges to maximize the impact of immigration policy changes.
“Each day we see the impact that a lack of housing supply is having on Canadians from coast to coast,” said Michael Bourque, chief executive officer at the Canadian Real Estate Association. “Without policy intervention, Canada will not have the workers required to meet its ambitious homebuilding targets, and Canadians will continue to face challenges whether they are looking to purchase or rent a home.”
The immigration system in Canada was designed to choose people with high human capital, as opposed to people with skills in in-demand occupations. The report noted that the system privileges high levels of education as well as excellent skills in Canada’s official languages.
Several occupations in the trades, such as those required for residential construction, are eligible for economic immigration programs.
The report noted, however, that in practice, people with these skills are not frequently selected for permanent residence. While Canada operates a small Federal Skilled Trade Program (FSTP), this program does not address the immigration barriers for people working in the trades.
“40 per cent of Canada’s overall labour gap is predicted to hit residential construction in Ontario, further widening the gap between already sparse housing supply and families who want an affordable place to call home,” said Tim Hudak, chief executive officer of the Ontario Real Estate Association. “Immigration could be a key player in reducing labour barriers and getting more homes built – but in order to do so, Canada’s ambitious immigration targets must include measures to attract and secure workers from the residential construction sector.”
“While there are provincial and regional nominee programs that can facilitate the immigration process for foreign workers, residential construction isn’t well-positioned to leverage these programs,” said Trevor Koot, chief executive officer, British Columbia Real Estate Association. “Canada needs immigration programs that support an expanded supply of workers with experience in the trades, including residential construction.”
According to the Government of Canada, a total of 3.5 million units need to be added to the country’s housing supply by 2030.
Canada requires a combination of standalone housing, condo units, and other types of homes for both homeowners and renters.
The residential construction industry in Canada is projected to grow 15 per cent by 2030, according to The Conference Board of Canada. This translates to a structural labour shortage of 12,000 jobs per year on average, which significantly limits the pace of homebuilding in Canada.
